It has an inner riser region where air is injected upwards, and an outer downcomer region where degassed media and cells circulate downwards. A lifting plan provides a systematic approach towards planning a lift and ensures that the lifting operation is properly managed. (Total Weight / Rated Capacity) x 100 (%) CALCULATION OF SLING TENSION. Lifting operations are high-risk operations that involve lifting equipment such as: Tandem Lift: Definition: A tandem lift involving the simultaneous use of more than two cranes, hoists or other pieces of powered lifting equipment. ) You can also enter multiple heights and depths for your front obstruction. Definition: Lifting Operations. Sep 8, 2013 · Cranes ppt. vipin balan. Mitigation measures are provided to reduce the risks, such as permitting, inspections, lift planning, ensuring stable Tandem Lift. Where possible these excavator cranes Jan 22, 2024 · This technique has revolutionised heavy lifting operations, offering better efficiency and safety across various industries. Jan 18, 2018 · Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. Email: singhose@gatech. 7kW when lifting single 20ft containers. Moving ships : fuel may move on the inside, changing the center of gravity. Overhead cranes come in various types and are Jan 20, 2016 · This is referred to as a tandem lift table design. Sep 17, 2017 · Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. 8b. Crane hooks from each of the cranes would lift one end of the beam. use of all the legs is allowed after approval. An examination of 29 CFR 1910. Engineering calculation for lifting beams. This Code of Practice details the control measures to be applied when using two excavator cranes to lift a load simultaneously. Rossi@TandemLift. txt) or view presentation slides online. Upon completion of this movie, you Sep 14, 2023 · Lifting tackle refers to equipment used for lifting loads, including slings, hooks, shackles, and other appliances. Standard Lift Plan - Template Date: Time: Contract #: Location: Completed By (Competent Person): _____ Note: Applies to Cranes, Derricks, Hoists and Power-Operated equipment that can be used to hoist, lower and/or horizontally move a suspended load (includes excavators, forklifts, Rough Terrain Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. Stabilize the load and prevent rotation and swinging out of control. This configuration does not require a tail rotor, since the anti-torque action is performed Tailing Load Tandem Lifting. quires operators to have the knowledge and competence to avoid accident. If a lift is to be carried out near power lines, or other hazardous zones, a critical lift plan is necessary. com Tony Rossi Tony. – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as an HTML5 slide show) on PowerShow. com. if the load on any one crane, hoist or other piece of powered lifting equipment exceeds 75% of the rated capacity of that crane, hoist or other piece of powered lifting equipment. This document discusses crane safety and proper rigging procedures. dafit43424. This includes cranes, slings, hooks, and other rigging equipment’s. Helping other cranes: Distributing weight . Photo: Tadano. Volume = 6 feet x 3 feet x 4 feet. c) For heavy lifts the lift plan is reviewed with input from an assured qualified engineer. It is important to inspect lifting tools before use and not exceed their safe working load. Both cranes were set up with sideways superlift. Anytime you work in an environment that has physical hazards that apply, you should be educated on the safety protocols for the job. This is a common way for two cranes to lift boats and ships in and out of the water. This method employs the use of an equaliser beam with a central load link and pin. 1. Unless it is the only possible solution, tandem lifting is usually The C-1000 Fixed Ceiling Lift from Handicare is a compact and powerful model that ensures easy patient transfer. Download now. Key points emphasized include pre-shift Nov 13, 2022 · Login|Register to activate the download link. Mar 17, 2023 · Tandem lifting increases the risk of collision between the cranes. Lift plan submittal with drawings(to be placed in cab of crane before lifting operation begins). The plan helps in coordinating the lift to avoid contact with these hazards, thus averting potential accidents. 2) Turning a patient onto their side or prone position ensures comfort, allows changing of linens/bed pans, and As the demand for moving more containers in less time increases, ports and terminals are turning to tandem lift operations to increase their container throughput. Calculate divided load on each leg: Total load ( Tons) ÷ legs () = ( Tons) ※If a qualified rigger or rigging specialist ensures that the load is evenly distributed, the full. Extreme care must be used to ensure that a predetermined out of levelness of the beam is not exceeded during the lift. The document provides guidance on safety procedures for lifting operations using cranes and rigging equipment. 2. Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lifting dan rigging yang meliputi pengenalan tugas operator, rigger, teknisi, dan inspector, jenis-jenis crane, aba-aba operasi lifting, peralatan bantu angkat, zona-zona kerja, operasi pengangkatan bebas kontak tangan, metode pengikatan dan pengangkatan, perhitungan WLL dan SWL, serta load chart Jan 28, 2021 · 1. Nov 8, 2008 · Lifting Sling Safety. If the cranes are not positioned correctly, they can collide with each other, causing damage to the cranes, and the load, or even Equipment Inspection: Regular inspection and maintenance of all lifting equipment involved in tandem lifting operations are very important. Unsafe lifting operations can result in catastrophic outcomes involving multiple fatalities Oct 5, 2023 · Tandem lifting is a very common technique used in many i In this video, we'll be discussing how to calculate the tandem loading load distribution on a crane. Jun 27, 2023 · When you need to synchronize additional hoists, Smart Tandem Control allows up to four DVR rope hoists on two cranes to be synchronized. e. By following this policy and operating lifting devices in a safe and responsible manner, injuries and property damage can be prevented. Key requirements include developing a lifting plan, appointing competent supervisors, inspecting equipment, and defining roles for crane operators, riggers, and signal persons. 1K views 4 years ago / saiddwg more lift refers to lifting operation that is complex, carried out for the first time or lifting close to the lifting capacity of the crane. Nov 29, 2017 · Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. Apr 30, 2016 · Crane Safety Training Presentation. edu. 03-March-2024M | 22-Shaban-1445H Muh. Specific things to look for when inspecting each a tandem wing configuration are placed such that one of the wings is behind the other along the fuselage. The entity shall ensure that lifting equipment must be of adequate strength and stability and selected by a competent person for the purpose it is going to be used for, including but not limited to: The safe working load of lifting equipment and accessories; Jun 1, 2022 · My question today is about the tandem lifting of an object (i. 109 likes • 75,496 views. such A Step-by-step guide to your first ride on a tandem bike. These should be reviewed before starting any multiple crane lift and considered during each phase of the lifting project: 4. This Code of Practice applies to both Lift Plan Drawing GCC - Tandem Lift - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. The load would then hang from the centre of the beam — distributing half the weight between each crane. Safety and lifting accuracy are the most important aspects, and are essential in avoiding the danger of injury to workers and damage to the load and cranes. The total lifting capacity determines the individual capacity of each of the leg sets. pdf), Text File (. Always ensure that the crane is level before beginning any lifting operation. The AC 500-1 (in red) also had a luffing fly jib. A helicopter with two rotors turning in opposite directions and mounted on two masts slightly inclined towards each other, so that the blades intermesh (without colliding), is called a synchropter. The use of cranes to lift and move heavy objects is a crucial and common activity in many industries in Singapore. Mar 15, 2018 · 12 likes • 13,271 views. It also discusses safely handling loads and their effect on forklift stability, as well as operating on slopes, parking procedures Feb 20, 2017 · Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. The lift raises both sets of scissors mechanically, controlled by an easy to operate control pad – achieving a parallel lift operation. Jul 30, 2018 · The power consumption of a crane is on average 10. It identifies potential hazards such as non-compliance with procedures, poor task planning, poor crane positioning, and overloading the crane's rated capacity. Tag lines should be: Made of a fiber material that is non-conductive. This lifting technique is commonly employed in various industries, including construction, manufacturing, and shipyard operations, where heavy and oversized loads need to be moved. Not Level: Operating a crane on an uneven surface can lead to instability and potential tipping. This requires a special beam, with crane hooks at either end. A single crawler crane may be insufficient for. hooks are attached K µ çûGœ„ ëigv Î:I88ëLFÉ 3 Ï I˜ £Y4û WGÉ "; ŠŠg o+±Qò^õ³ä©VFåö " SFm«±Ý8ŒÂ¦ ëÜW+A ¨}: ±ž L8(ëô‚¥Xä€¶Õ Â¤ƒ ðÚô£ók ºÛ’ðð$Ëë—* QÓÚ*'ˆ½BM ÇÇ=_àŒ¢0 ôœ=Ý jâ ÀoД:ADýa¿¿S¨ hcŸ3Èn° " ÂÜIt ì4 i¦`·TH 7 ¹Óá’ wxžÃ& ¾°p¡ EvM–¢Ö ½BØ ¯7Œš Tandem Hydraulic Lift Table. AI-enhanced description. Both the wings are used to produce lift in the aircraft. The two rotors mesh with one another, like a gearwheel. Cranes are used to lift and lower materials in construction and manufacturing. Tandem lifting adalah teknik pengangkatan beban yang melibatkan penggunaan dua atau lebih crane secara bersamaan untuk mengangkat sebuah beban yang sangat berat atau besar. 1. This document describes the airlift bioreactor, which uses forced air circulation to mix cells and nutrients without mechanical agitation. Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. This and the awkward shape of vessels makes them a challenge in terms of lifting. [1] Frenkel could be regarded as the father of rehabilitation medicine because he was the first to propose the idea of exercise to improve ambulation and regain dexterity. Other benefits of multiple lift rigging are: A reduction in the time connectors must spend out on the iron because tandem loading allows them to complete their tasks more quickly. Lifting Operations and Rigging. Reduced stress on the crane operator because fewer mechanical Balance exercise is one of the four types of recommended exercise along with strength , aerobic and flexibility exercises to improve health and physical ability [5]. The next generation of high-pressure lifting bags. Safe performance Moving heavy goods is always a challenge, irrespective of whether it is a single or a tandem lift. It applies to the use of two excavator cranes which normally lift loads independently but which are required to occasionally lift a load in conjunction with another similar excavator crane using a process known as Tandem Lifting. mobile, stationary, overhead), aerial cages, any other mechanical lifting devices with associated Guidance – Lifting A Load With Several Mobile Cranes (Multiple Crane or Tandem Lifting) Guidance – Lifting A Load With Several Mobile Cranes (Multiple Crane or Tandem Lifting) Oct 2022 Mar 2023: free free: Download Download: N 003: Guidance – Lifting of Persons with Mobile Cranes: Oct 2022: free: Download: N 004 These Regulations (often abbreviated to LOLER) place duties on people and companies who own, operate or have control over lifting equipment. 179 regarding the safe use of cranes and slings. • Based on past experiences, most crane accidents happened during a routine This JSA document outlines the lifting and rigging activities using tandem lifting for a project in North Kuwait. Volume = 72 cubic feet. It is the best thing to do for the employees and the safety of all involved. Phone: (833) 826-3361 Jon Santimaw Jon. This includes all businesses and organisations whose employees use lifting equipment, whether owned by them or not. With this high tonnage Liebherr proves its conviction to satisfy Mar 10, 2020 · Tandem lifting plan Said Ibrahim CAD Lift Studio 1. So over the course of a year, a typical 100,000 TEU capacity Oct 28, 2022 · When is tandem lifting needed: When, due to the weight or dimensions of the piece to be lifted, it is not possible to do it with a single crane. Jun 27, 2019 · The document provides an overview of forklift operator safety training. fcarlson. Two cranes, Crane A and Crane B, will perform a tandem lift of a load onto a trailer truck. - Cranes must be The horizontal double, or tandem scissor lift table is the solution you need to handle goods, that are both heavy and long. 24x7 365 Days a Year. The general purpose is to make sure that a Safe System of Work (SSOW) applies to Lifting, Moving, and Shifting Material at Site activities; this is the ideal way to prove that the risk associated with a Lifting, Moving, and Shifting Material at Site Activities have been carefully considered and appropriate controls implemented. ppt / . The cranes must fully extend their outriggers before lifting and all lifting devices must Apr 30, 2021 · Equalised Tandem Lift. Lifting a load with two connecting points, or two hooks, can make the lift safer and more efficient for your operations. S. Quay cranes served as one of the essential elements of the transshipment containers in the container terminal. 6kW of power, per container. 1kW of power per TEU, as it lifts more containers per lift cycle; saving 5. Dalam tandem lifting, crane-crane tersebut bekerja secara bersinkronisasi untuk mengangkat 1. We will explore the principles of tandem loading and the accurate calculation of load distribution on a crane and self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT). M. Read more. It emphasizes the importance of proper outrigger setup to stabilize cranes, using barricades and tag lines during lifts, inspecting all rigging From the OSHA Office of Training and Education, this presentation covers the rules and safety precautions when using cranes. The Lifting and Slinging Safety Training Presentation is aimed at providing individuals with the knowledge and skills to prepare and sling and connect the load for safe lifting by any form of lifting equipment, using correct and clear signals to guide the crane operator in the maneuvering of a load Oct 4, 2006 · F. 1 of 24. QCs are also known as ship-to-shore cranes. 1 Lifting operation is an integral part of any construction, ship-building, ship-repairing or manufacturing process. May 11, 2016 · Basic Rigging. d) Lifting of personnel is carried out in accordance with a specific personnel lift plan. Aug 26, 2023 · The document discusses guidelines for safely operating various lifting devices and equipment, including scissor lifts, boom lifts, vehicle-mounted platforms, man baskets for cranes, and man baskets for forklifts. Aluminum weighs 165 pounds per cubic foot (based on the numbers from the table above). Common lifting tools include lifting hooks, clamps, shackles, chain slings, and rope slings. This document discusses the basics of rigging, including different types of rigging materials and how to inspect them. The tandem scissor lift provides a large platform size of 3000 x 1000mm, making it ideal for lifting large goods, heavy oversize pallets or multiple standard pallets. Key points include inspecting slings prior to each use and at least annually, understanding how sling angles affect load capacity, identifying signs of wear that require sling replacement, and following safe handling practices Jan 15, 2024 · Tandem lifting with a difference. com/c Oct 11, 2022 · Unequalised Tandem Lift. In this blog, we will unpack the definition of tandem lifting, outline its uses, benefits, and highlighting tips to consider before embarking on a tandem lift. Product Code: TLH 2000. Steel Carriers in India used two cranes working in tandem to lift a conveyor on a job with a difference. Burhanuddin. The code of practise also states that “Some excavator cranes have an RCI fitted with a ‘Tandem Lift’ mode. Maintenance and inspection records (most recent month/daily inspection). Lifting operations are an integral part of any construction, shipbuilding, ship-repairing or manufacturing process. Different types of lifts include light, heavy, critical, and tandem lifts using two or more cranes. In most cases, lifting equipment is also work equipment so the Provision and Use of Work Sep 13, 2021 · This document discusses safe lifting practices and requirements. Enter your load distance (distance from front edge of building to center of load), and enter your minimum setup distance (distance from center pin of crane to front edge of load. Aramid-reinforced. Santimaw@TandemLift. pptx), PDF File (. Z. Quay gantry crane (QC)/ Ship to shore crane (STS) - Download as a PDF or view online for free. . The following guidelines are based on the above standards/regulations and on manufacturers’ knowledge and experience. youtube. It covers chain, synthetic, wire rope and mesh slings. But what should terminals be looking for when choosing a tandem system for their operations? Especially for transhipment terminals that perform many mode changes between single and twin spreaders during busy and complex lifting pre-selects the lifting device ensuring unique versatility and continuity. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. These tips and tricks teach you how to ride a tandem for a safe and fun first ride. 1 PurposeThe purpose of this guide is to raise awareness of the hazards in lifting operations and to provide the basic knowledge in t. Compatible with 8 + 10 bar inflation accessories. of overhead travelling cranes, gantry cranes, jib cranes and hoists. 4. The following is a simplified method of determination of the rated capacity of the cranes when used in tandem lift operations and with lifting points being above the center of gravity of the load. lifting simultaneously with two lifting devices), I would like to eventually calculate the load share in the rigging legs. For example, a lifting plan would ensure that the crane is safely deployed and operated, and the lifting crew are clear about their roles and responsibilities. control challenges. 6. https://www. Free of knots or defects in the rope (NO spliced-together ropes). There are two types of lifting - manual and mechanical using cranes or chain blocks. The density gradient between these Nov 29, 2018 · Here’s how you would calculate the load weight of a block of aluminum that is 6 feet long, 3 feet wide, and 4 feet tall: Volume = Length x Width x Height. The final rule will reduce hazards related to lifting two containers at a time using cranes by Sep 21, 2007 · presentation on mobile cranes. This policy applies to all persons who operate cranes (e. 5. [2] Although the exercise was created for persons with tabetic ataxia, a form Mar 29, 2020 · Tandem lifting Safety what is Tandem lifting in hindi Tandem lifting implies that two or more cranes are used to lift one common payload that is attached to each of the cranes' hooks. , lifting using two or more cranes to tilt a long structure from horizontal position to vertical) is a complex non-routine lift. For example, a 12,000lbs tandem design could utilize (2) scissor leg sets, each with 6,000lbs capacity, or (3) leg sets, each with 4,000lbs capacity. com - id: 8dbd33-M2Y0Y To be in compliance with OSHA, steel erectors may “tree” steel beams, bar joists, and girders. Heavy Lift Liebherr’s flagship model in the mobile harbour crane sector has a maximum load capacity of 308 tonnes at 18 metres outreach, which can even be doubled in tandem operation. It provides definitions, specifications, work instructions, and safety tips for proper use. The horizontal double or tandem scissor lift table is the solution you need to handle goods, that are both heavy and long. Jul 15, 2023 · Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. pptx. Hours. Tandem lifting refers to the simultaneous use of more than one cranes or lifting devices to lift and transport a single load. WASHINGTON -- The U. Mar 15, 2023 · Lifting & Rigging Safety. Abstract —Moving heavy and over-sized loads poses significant. This guidance is aimed at staff directly involved in planning, selecting, operating, or controlling lifting operations with OTP Excavator/Cranes as well as those involved in managing Critical lift—A lift using an Mobile crane where, because of the characteristics and properties or travel path of the load, a hoist failure or loss of control of the load could result in a serious personal injury, serious environmental incident, serious process safety incident, or significant disruption to operations. Sep 21, 2007 • Download as PPT, PDF •. Learn more about this product >. 3 likes • 7,024 views. 10. It is recommend that the out of levelness be determined with a 5:1 Oct 21, 2009 · Quick Lift Setup Step 2. Work that involves mechanical lifting and rigging falls into the category of having high hazards. Oct 26, 2023 · Cranes are machines used to lift and move heavy loads and come in several types including mobile, gantry, tower, and mechanical. 1 Selection of Lifting Equipment. 50% performance increase when compared with conventional 8 bar (116 psi) lifting bags. Operators control the crane and communicate with workers through signals. Balance training is undertaken in order to:* Prevent falls /injury [6] Improve posture [7] Improve strength [8] Improve standing balance and locomotor performance in older adults [9] Oct 13, 2015 · The Tandem Lift Guidance has been issued to support the selection of OTP Excavator/Cranes to compliantly tandem lift concrete and wood panels based on proximity hazards and track parameters. With advanced features, the device ensures smooth and effortless transfer for both patient and caregiver. Crane's most recent annual certification will be required the date of the crane's arrival on-site. The hydraulic scissor lift platform is equipped with a combination of two pairs of scissors to lift up to a height 1050mm. 2. Before you start any lifting operation, you must prepare A “critical lift” means: (a) a lift by a mobile crane or boom truck that exceeds 90% of its rated capacity while it is lifting the load at a load radius of more than 50% of its maximum permitted load radius, taking into account its position and configuration during the lift, (b) a tandem lift if the load on any one crane, hoist or other Ship to shore crane tandem lifting is two spreader bars operating side by side for a more productive & efficient container handling. May 18, 2021 · D. I expected the question to be fairly easy but it seems way harder to solve than I thought initially, maybe that's just me though. The scissor lift platform is equipped with a combination of two pairs of scissors to lift up to a height 1000mm. Any signs of wear, damage, or malfunction should be addressed promptly, and defective equipment should be taken out from work site. Department of Labor¿s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recently announced a final rule on improving the safety of longshoring employees who work with vertical tandem lifts (VTLs). 67K subscribers Subscribed 56 8. Using a tandem head block that lifts more containers per lift cycle consumes only 5. It outlines some of the major causes of crane accidents such as electrocution, tipping over, and rigging failures. 4+ Weeks Delivery. Stackable due to non-slip surface profile. The exercises are carried out in three different positions: sitting, lying down, and standing. In accordance with Prandtl’s classical lifting-line theory, a method to calculate the section lift coefficient for the tandem wing configuration or multiple-lifting-surface system is presented COP-008 Tandem Lifting with Two Excavator Cranes details a safe working methodology for tandem lifting including that where possible that they should be fitted with a Rated Capacity Indicator. They can be mounted on vehicles or structures. May 11, 2016 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. High lifting capacity was needed but space was restricted and that created some challenges. It notes that crane operators and others on site are at risk and outlines Apr 10, 2020 · Arifa T N. Nov 8, 2018 · Person in Charge of the Lift b) For complex/critical/tandem lifting operations the lift plan is prepared and reviewed by an assured qualified engineer. Every lift carries a set of risks that needs to be managed in order to prevent an accident from occurring. 2 ApplicationThis guide is intended to be used by crane operators Tandem Lift - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (. g. 3. Provides an indepth look at 29 CFR and discusses precautions that all employers must take to insure safety. The maximum out of levelness of the beam is determined by the angle of the beam where there is a physical interference between the beam and one of the links. Md Anik Islam. Tandem wings produce high lift due to their surface area, and unconventional stability while Jun 13, 2023 · In this video, we're going to cover critical lifting / tandem lifting / loading calculation for each crane #lifting #rigging #crane. 9. It defines routine and non-routine lifts and lists potential hazards. Unless it is the only possible When mobile cranes are used to perform a multiple crane lift, certain precautions are necessary. Zach McCoy. This document discusses various techniques for moving and transferring patients, including: 1) Moving a patient up in bed can be done by one or two nurses using a slide sheet to promote comfort and proper body alignment. Such a case is shown in Fig. Tandem lifting implies that two or more cranes are used to lift one common payload that is attached to each of the cranes’ hooks. Tandem or synchronized lifting can be accomplished in many ways to meet your requirements. The weight distribution is uneven — this is where planning and expertise play a major role. 3 Year Warranty. Scope. Jan 11, 2013 · Airlift bioreactor ppt. The heavy duty platform is on a tandem or double horizontal scissor lift mechanism, capable of lifting heavy loads of up to 4000kg to a maximum height of 1230mm. This presentation covers OSHA regulations and safe practices for using slings when lifting loads. Add a front obstruction, and give it dimensions. The rear wing acts as both a horizontal stabilizer and lift generator. Long enough to reach the ground from the highest point of the lift. Jul 8, 2018 · Abstract In tandem airfoil configuration or multiple-lifting-surface layouts, due to the flow interaction among their lifting surfaces, the aerodynamic characteristics can be affected by each other. For example, a tandem “tilt-up” operati Lifting and Rigging Safety Talk. Safety coupling. Purpose. Dec 18, 2008 · Phone: 202-693-1999. Some key points include: - Proper planning of lifting operations, selection of suitable cranes and equipment, maintenance, training of personnel, and supervision are essential for safety. Each crane would have an independent lifting point on the load. The entity shall ensure that lifting equipment must be of adequate strength and stability and selected by a competent person for the purpose it is going to be used for, including but not limited to: The safe working load of lifting equipment and accessories; awkwardly shaped objects, tandem lifting is suggested as an alternative method of lifting to single-crane lifts. Apr 5, 2024 · Keep the load square and away from the crane boom during lifting operations. Rigging capacities. The beams and hoists are separate for each crane. The document discusses major causes of crane accidents such as contact with power lines, overturns, falls, and mechanical failures which are often due to instability of loads, lack of communication, lack of training, and inadequate maintenance or inspection. a tandem “Tilt-up” Operation (i. In the case of tandem lifts, where two or more cranes are used simultaneously to lift a load, a critical lift plan is crucial. It covers legislation requirements, pre-use checks of forklifts, safe operating practices like looking in the direction of travel and applying the parking brake before operating hydraulics. Wind: High winds can significantly impact the stability and safe operation of cranes, especially when lifting large or flat objects. kf kc iv fq bq dk kd zt ei od